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What your kidney stone is made of

Understand calcium, uric acid, infection-related and inherited stones—and how analysis changes your prevention plan.

Adapted from Stones Unlocked by David Shusterman, MD. Updated October 3, 2026

Original English-language artwork from Stones Unlocked. The explanation below is available in your selected language. Illustrations are educational, not patient scans or predictions of your result.
What kind of stone do you have?

A name is the beginning of a plan

A kidney stone is a mineral deposit, and its composition gives us clues about how it formed. Calcium oxalate is common; calcium phosphate, uric acid, infection-related and cystine stones have different patterns. Many stones contain more than one material. A photograph or a description such as “hard” or “brown” cannot reliably identify the chemistry.

What the laboratory result can tell us

A recovered stone can be analyzed and its components reported. We read that result alongside your imaging, medication history and laboratory findings. Calcium in a stone does not automatically mean that you should stop eating calcium. Uric acid in a stone does not establish every cause of your risk. A useful prevention plan connects the specimen to the person.

Turn the result into questions

Ask which component was most prominent, whether the result fits your previous stones, and which change is most useful now. Your clinician may recommend blood testing, urine testing or dietary counseling. Keep a copy of the report: the next episode should not require starting your stone history from memory. If no stone was recovered, evaluation can still proceed.

Your next steps

  1. Bring any previous stone-analysis report.
  2. Record when and how the specimen was obtained.
  3. Ask what finding will be reassessed after prevention changes.
Request a stone evaluation

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Adapted from Stones Unlocked by David Shusterman, MD. Treatment and prevention are individualized.

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